Linguistic Facts in Former Republic of Yugoslavia
Serbia and Montenegro appeared the official name of the nation as of February 4, 2003, as a result of the process of transformation of the country formerly known as The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Serbia and Montenegro is the biggest descendant of the dissolved SFRY and made up of two states: Serbia and Montenegro.
Within Serbia, there are two quasi-independent provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo has been under the supervision of the United Nations since 1999. Linguistic policy and turns of the history, official status and names of different tongues took an important role in the number of intra-national unrests that took place from 1990 to 1999 and it is yet a super delicate issue in the whole area of the peninsula. Best Italian translators
The official language of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the area of Serbia aside from Kosovo, or 88% of the inhabitants); an equal judicial status is allowed to both the Cyrillic and the Roman spelling, although the former is favored for Serbian state administration. Less spread languages, which are also in governmental use in the regions where they are spoken, are Hungarian (in line with the 2002 census data of the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Serbia, estimated at 286 500 speakers), Bosnian (134 500 people), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 citizens), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 natives), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Minority languages are used at all levels of upbringing: in primary schools, gymnasiums, and at colleges and universities. One linguistic effect of the political and ethnic vulnerabilities of the 1990s is that the language that used to be officially named Serbo-Croat has received several new ethnically and politically based names. Thus, the names Bosnian, Croat and Serbianare politically determined and refer to the same language with acceptable slight variations. The language has a couple major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
Although, as a rule, Ekavian is spread more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these dialects do not coincide with the ethnically based names.
The language situation in Kosovo is less clear now, as about 300 000 refugees from this province, predominantly Serbs, are still in the process of returning to their places. This fact makes the figures of speakers reported unpredictable. Today, according to the authority of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the inhabitants of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The remains of the people (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: Greek translation service
The official tongue of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are modern tendencies to enter the name Montenegrin, either parallel to or instead of the term Serbian. Just as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term addresses the one language that used to be called Serbo-Croat, and is rather a matter of governmental resolutions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the StatOffice of the Republic of Montenegro demonstrate that about 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, declare themselves as speakers of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, nearly 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and approx. 3000 speak either Croatian or Romany.